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Ceremonial magic
Ceremonial magic or ritual magic, also referred to as high magic and as learned magic in some cases,〔Davies, Owen (2003). ''Cunning-Folk: Popular Magic in English History''. London: Hambledon Continuum. Page ix.〕 is a broad term used in the context of Hermeticism or Western esotericism to encompass a wide variety of long, elaborate, and complex rituals of magic. It is named as such because the works included are characterized by ceremony and myriad necessary accessories to aid the practitioner. It can be seen as an extension of ritual magic, and in most cases synonymous with it. Popularized by the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, it draws on such schools of philosophical and occult thought as Hermetic Qabalah, Enochian magic, Thelema, and the magic of various grimoires.
== Renaissance magic ==
(詳細はgrimoires and in collections such as that of Johannes Hartlieb. Georg Pictor uses the term synonymously with ''goetia''.
James Sanford in his 1569 translation of Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's 1526 ''De incertitudine et vanitate scientiarum'' has "The partes of ceremoniall Magicke be Geocie, and Theurgie". For Agrippa, ceremonial magic was in opposition to natural magic. While he had his misgivings about natural magic, which included astrology, alchemy, and also what we would today consider fields of natural science, such as botany, he was nevertheless prepared to accept it as "the highest peak of natural philosophy". Ceremonial magic, on the other hand, which included all sorts of communication with spirits, including necromancy and witchcraft, he denounced in its entirety as impious disobedience towards God.〔Charles G. Nauert, Jr., ''Magic and Skepticism in Agrippa's Thought,'' Journal of the History of Ideas (1957), p. 176〕
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